Magungunan hana haihuwa sun zama muhimman kayan amfani wajen hana ɗaukar ciki ba zato ba tsammani da kuma kula da lafiyar haihuwa, amma a Najeriya ana fuskantar babban giɓi inda mata da dama da ke son dakatar ko jinkirta ɗaukar ciki ba sa samun ingantattun hanyoyi na ƙwarai.
Wasu daga cikin waɗannan hanyoyin suna aiki ne ta hana maniyi isa wajen zama ƙwai ko hana ƙwan da ya riga ya haɗu da maniyyi manne wa a mahaifa, yayin da wasu abubuwan kamar kondom, ke kuma ba da kariya daga cututtukan da ake samu dalilin jima’i; akwai kuma hanyoyin sinadaran shauƙi da na jiki waɗanda suka sha bamban wajen hana daukar ciki da suka banbanta a mata.
Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta rarraba hanyoyin hana haihuwa zuwa rukuni uku, waɗanda suke na sinadaran jiki wato hormonal, da waɗanda ba na sinadaran jiki ba, da kuma na gaggawa, inda a cikin hormonal ake samun abubuwan hana ciki, allurar rigakafi, implants da IUD na hormone; a rukuni na marasa-hormone akwai kondom na namiji da mace, IUD na tagulla, diaphragms da tiyata ta dindindin; yayin da na gaggawa ana amfani da su ne bayan jima’i ba tare da kariya ba ko samun kuskuren kariya.
Baya ga hana ɗaukar ciki, amfani da hanyoyin zai taimaka wajen tsara yawan ƴaƴa, rage haɗarin mace-macen iyaye mata da kuma rage yawan jinyar marasa lafiya, duk da haka WHO ta ƙiyasta cewa kimanin mata miliyan 257 a duniya suna fuskantar rashin samun ingantattun hanyoyin hana haihuwa, kuma a Najeriya wannan giɓi ya fi muni saboda ƙarancin sahihan bayanai da samun kayan aiki.
Dr Kingsley Odogwu na MSI Reproductive Choices ya ja hankalin jama’a da cewa, “mata su yi gwajin lafiya kafin zaɓar hanyar hana haihuwa,” domin a kauce wa illolin da ka iya kunno kai; bincike-bincike sun nuna cewa hanyoyin hormonal na iya haifar da ciwon kai, jin amai, sauyin yanayi, ƙaruwar ƙiba, ƙurajen fata da zubar nono.
Rahoton NHS na Birtaniya ya nuna cewa hanyoyin marasa-hormone na iya kawo zubar jini mai yawa ko raɗaɗin haila a watannin farko, tare da yiwuwar samun ƙaiƙayi, rashin jin daɗi a mafitsara da wasu lokuta haɗarin tiyata, yayin da na gaggawa suka fi bayyana jin amai, ƴar zubar jini da gajiya, saboda haka a aka ce na gaggawa ba a yin amfani da su a kullum.
WHO ta kuma jaddada cikin jagororinta na Medical Eligibility Criteria cewa, “dole a yi la’akari da cancantar likita kafin a yi amfani da hanyoyin hana haihuwa,” don haka mata masu tarihin jinin da ya yi kauri, bugun zuciya, ciwon zuciya ko hauwanjini su guji hanyoyin hormonal masu ɗauke da estrogen saboda akwai haɗarin samun matsaloli masu tsanani kamar bugun jini.
Don haka kafin a ɗauki shawara kan hanyar da ta dace ya kamata a yi gwajin lafiya, a ba da bayanai masu inganci, a samar da zaɓuɓɓuka da kuma horas da ma’aikatan lafiya domin tabbatar da amintacciyar shawara.
A ƙarshe, samar da ilimi mai kyau, zaɓuɓɓuka iri-iri da sauƙin samun magunguna zai ba mata iko su zaɓi abin da ya fi dacewa da su, rage mace-macen da ke da nasaba da haihuwa, da kawar da bukatar yin jinya mara tsari, abu ne da Najeriya ke buƙata idan tana son inganta lafiyar mata da ci gaban al’umma.